Explain steps in HRP / Manpower Planning
Ans.   The following are the STEPS in the HRP process :
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1.     Review of Organisational Objectives : The first step in HRP is to review the objectives of the organisation. Proper review of the objectives will enable the organization to make a proper list of the various activities that would be required to achieve the objectives.
To undertake the activities, the organisation can determine the required work-force in terms of quantity and quality. A proper job analysis needs to be conducted at this stage.
2.     HR Requirements Forecast : The HRD manager should find out the requirement of human resources undertake the various activities. The human requirements forecast must be both in terms of quantity and quality.
3.     HR Supply Forecast : The HRD manager should also forecast the availability of manpower. The required manpower may be available within the company, or they may be required to be hired from the labour market.
4.     Make Comparison : The HRD manager must make a comparison between HR requirement and HR supply, to find out whether the required personnel is available or not.
5.     If no Differences : The comparison between HR requirements and HR supply would indicate whether there are any differences. If human resource requirements are equal to human resource supply, then there are no differences and as such no action need to be taken.
6.     If thee are Differences : The comparison may reveal differences between the human resource requirements and human resource supply. There may be HR surplus, or shortage. Action needs to be taken to deal with the problem of HR shortage or surplus.
         For instance, if there is shortage, management may hire, provide overtime, etc. If there is surplus, management may terminate, lay off, etc.
7.     Motivating the Manpower : An important aspect of human resource planning is to motivate the personnel by providing monetary and non-monetary incentives.
8.     Monitoring HR Requirements : The organisation needs to monitor the requirement of HR. If required necessary action to be taken.
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